Like many other basic concepts logistics and the settled definition of the logistics system is not.
most common in the Soviet literature definition reads: "Logistics System - an adaptive feedback system that performs some or other logistical operations and functions. It usually consists of several subsystems and has developed links with the external environment ".
As a logistics system can be considered an industrial enterprise, territorial-production complex, commercial enterprise, etc. The purpose of the logistics system - delivery of goods and merchandise in a specified location, in the right quantity and range, the maximum extent possible, prepared for the production or private consumption at a given level of costs.
foreign scientists and experts in the field Logistics often use the term "logistics chain / supply chain, and logistics system is interpreted as a process of planning and coordination of all aspects physical movement of materials, components and finished products in order to minimize overall costs and provide the desired level of service ".
From the standpoint of system approach to the business organization can give the following definition.
logistics system - is a relatively stable set of links (structural / functional divisions of the company, as well as suppliers, customers and logistics intermediaries), interconnected and united by a common corporate governance strategy for the business organization.
Using the concept of "logistics network enables us to give a short definition.
in logistic systems - a set of logistics network and system administration, formed a company to realizanii its logistics strategy (tactics).
Logistic Systems Management, like any system, the reality may be at different stages of development and different approaches to the coverage of different components production and marketing.
Data published in the foreign press on the experience of logistics management systems in a number of leading companies industrial countries, suggest that these control systems is characterized by four levels of development, or four degrees of completeness of coverage of components of the supply system.
for logistics systems in the first degree of completeness of coverage of components characteristic of the organization to serve as storage products, finished to the administration, and transportation to consumers. This system provides damping to the output through the appropriate and timely response the daily peaks and fluctuations in the demands of consumers, and unforeseen delays in delivery of products in the process of satisfying these requests.
for logistics systems of second-degree full coverage of components characterized by the spread of their competence before the actual production. Such systems, along covering the transportation system of products to consumers and warehouses ready for dispatch of products, which is characteristic of systems of first degree of completeness, also cover the Internal storage of finished products. The functions of such systems include order processing, customer service, storage of finished production at the company and management-plant inventory of finished products.
For logistic systems of the third degree of completeness of coverage of components characterized by the spread of their competence in addition (compared with systems of second degree of completeness of coverage of components) to the input storage, system delivery of raw materials, procurement and logistics, as well as the movement of materials during the manufacturing process. In accordance with this extended competence such systems, in addition to those considered earlier, serve as managing procurement and delivery of raw materials and components, control stocks of raw materials and components, as well as the level of work in progress. Logistics management systems in the third level is to generate anticipatory effects, but not limited to an adequate response to the spontaneous deviations
Finally, the logistics system of fourth degree completeness of coverage of components extend their competence in all elements and stages of supply process, including planning and management This is actually the production brings together the results of market research with operations planning, production, logistics and finance. Logistics management based on the principle of integration and the idea of \u200b\u200beconomic trade-offs.
logistics system has the defining properties characteristic of any system, but instantiated in relation to problems of logistics
1. Integrity and chlenimost. Elements of the logistics system must work as a whole to realize the potential ability to unite and work together
2 interconnectedness of elements. Between elements logistics system, there is quite certain how the institutional context (including contractual) character, and technological and production, more important than the elements, which turned off the system
3. Organized set of elements. Potential of the elements of logistics system to form relationships and to unite into a single unit are embodied in a real system, if these items will apply certain organizing exposure to achieve integrity.
4. Integrative quality. This property lies in the fact that the logistics system as a whole, exhibits the qualities that the elements of material and information flows, united in the logistics system, not individually possess. For this property has a capacious expression, the effect of the amount exceeds the sum of the effects
5. Complexity The complexity of the logistics system is characterized by major features as the large number of elements (links), a multifactorial nature of the interaction between the individual elements, the content of the functions performed by system, the structure of organized government; impact on the system of an unspecified number of stochastic environmental factors.
6 The hierarchy Subordination level of items (of the order of rank) elements of a higher level with regard to linear or logistic function management.
7 emergence (integrity) property system to perform a given objective function, only available on the logistics system as a whole, not its individual units or subsystems.
8. Structuring. Presupposes a certain organization structure of logistics system consisting of interconnected objects and subjects of governance and ensuring its decomposition.
for logistics systems one of the major factors justifying the use of such a concept of organization and management, is their ability to respond flexibly and take account of changes in market and industrial situations. Such changes in environmental conditions may include changes in demand for certain goods and services, failure of technology equipment, changes in transportation rates, input or disabling of various transport channels, changes in interest rates on loans etc. Therefore
logistics system is a certain production system with feedback. The nature of the logistics operations changed the course of the operation of the system under the influence of changing external conditions.
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